<!--
doc/src/sgml/ref/security_label.sgml
PostgreSQL documentation
-->

<refentry id="sql-security-label">
 <indexterm zone="sql-security-label">
  <primary>SECURITY LABEL</primary>
 </indexterm>

 <refmeta>
  <refentrytitle>SECURITY LABEL</refentrytitle>
  <manvolnum>7</manvolnum>
  <refmiscinfo>SQL - Language Statements</refmiscinfo>
 </refmeta>

 <refnamediv>
  <refname>SECURITY LABEL</refname>
  <refpurpose>define or change a security label applied to an object</refpurpose>
 </refnamediv>

 <refsynopsisdiv>
<synopsis>
SECURITY LABEL [ FOR <replaceable class="parameter">provider</replaceable> ] ON
{
  TABLE <replaceable class="parameter">object_name</replaceable> |
  COLUMN <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable>.<replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> |
  AGGREGATE <replaceable class="parameter">aggregate_name</replaceable> ( <replaceable>aggregate_signature</replaceable> ) |
  DATABASE <replaceable class="parameter">object_name</replaceable> |
  DOMAIN <replaceable class="parameter">object_name</replaceable> |
  EVENT TRIGGER <replaceable class="parameter">object_name</replaceable> |
  FOREIGN TABLE <replaceable class="parameter">object_name</replaceable> |
  FUNCTION <replaceable class="parameter">function_name</replaceable> [ ( [ [ <replaceable class="parameter">argmode</replaceable> ] [ <replaceable class="parameter">argname</replaceable> ] <replaceable class="parameter">argtype</replaceable> [, ...] ] ) ] |
  LARGE OBJECT <replaceable class="parameter">large_object_oid</replaceable> |
  MATERIALIZED VIEW <replaceable class="parameter">object_name</replaceable> |
  [ PROCEDURAL ] LANGUAGE <replaceable class="parameter">object_name</replaceable> |
  PROCEDURE <replaceable class="parameter">procedure_name</replaceable> [ ( [ [ <replaceable class="parameter">argmode</replaceable> ] [ <replaceable class="parameter">argname</replaceable> ] <replaceable class="parameter">argtype</replaceable> [, ...] ] ) ] |
  PUBLICATION <replaceable class="parameter">object_name</replaceable> |
  ROLE <replaceable class="parameter">object_name</replaceable> |
  ROUTINE <replaceable class="parameter">routine_name</replaceable> [ ( [ [ <replaceable class="parameter">argmode</replaceable> ] [ <replaceable class="parameter">argname</replaceable> ] <replaceable class="parameter">argtype</replaceable> [, ...] ] ) ] |
  SCHEMA <replaceable class="parameter">object_name</replaceable> |
  SEQUENCE <replaceable class="parameter">object_name</replaceable> |
  SUBSCRIPTION <replaceable class="parameter">object_name</replaceable> |
  TABLESPACE <replaceable class="parameter">object_name</replaceable> |
  TYPE <replaceable class="parameter">object_name</replaceable> |
  VIEW <replaceable class="parameter">object_name</replaceable>
} IS { <replaceable class="parameter">string_literal</replaceable> | NULL }

<phrase>where <replaceable>aggregate_signature</replaceable> is:</phrase>

* |
[ <replaceable>argmode</replaceable> ] [ <replaceable>argname</replaceable> ] <replaceable>argtype</replaceable> [ , ... ] |
[ [ <replaceable>argmode</replaceable> ] [ <replaceable>argname</replaceable> ] <replaceable>argtype</replaceable> [ , ... ] ] ORDER BY [ <replaceable>argmode</replaceable> ] [ <replaceable>argname</replaceable> ] <replaceable>argtype</replaceable> [ , ... ]
</synopsis>
 </refsynopsisdiv>

 <refsect1>
  <title>Description</title>

  <para>
   <command>SECURITY LABEL</command> applies a security label to a database
   object.  An arbitrary number of security labels, one per label provider, can
   be associated with a given database object.  Label providers are loadable
   modules which register themselves by using the function
   <function>register_label_provider</function>.
  </para>

  <note>
    <para>
      <function>register_label_provider</function> is not an SQL function; it can
      only be called from C code loaded into the backend.
    </para>
  </note>

  <para>
   The label provider determines whether a given label is valid and whether
   it is permissible to assign that label to a given object.  The meaning of a
   given label is likewise at the discretion of the label provider.
   <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> places no restrictions on whether or how a
   label provider must interpret security labels; it merely provides a
   mechanism for storing them.  In practice, this facility is intended to allow
   integration with label-based mandatory access control (MAC) systems such as
   <productname>SELinux</productname>.  Such systems make all access control decisions
   based on object labels, rather than traditional discretionary access control
   (DAC) concepts such as users and groups.
  </para>

  <para>
   You must own the database object to use <command>SECURITY LABEL</command>.
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1>
  <title>Parameters</title>

  <variablelist>
   <varlistentry>
    <term><replaceable class="parameter">object_name</replaceable></term>
    <term><replaceable class="parameter">table_name.column_name</replaceable></term>
    <term><replaceable class="parameter">aggregate_name</replaceable></term>
    <term><replaceable class="parameter">function_name</replaceable></term>
    <term><replaceable class="parameter">procedure_name</replaceable></term>
    <term><replaceable class="parameter">routine_name</replaceable></term>
    <listitem>
     <para>
      The name of the object to be labeled.  Names of objects that reside in
      schemas (tables, functions, etc.) can be schema-qualified.
     </para>
    </listitem>
   </varlistentry>

   <varlistentry>
    <term><replaceable class="parameter">provider</replaceable></term>
    <listitem>
     <para>
      The name of the provider with which this label is to be associated.  The
      named provider must be loaded and must consent to the proposed labeling
      operation.  If exactly one provider is loaded, the provider name may be
      omitted for brevity.
     </para>
    </listitem>
   </varlistentry>

   <varlistentry>
    <term><replaceable class="parameter">argmode</replaceable></term>

    <listitem>
     <para>
      The mode of a function, procedure, or aggregate
      argument: <literal>IN</literal>, <literal>OUT</literal>,
      <literal>INOUT</literal>, or <literal>VARIADIC</literal>.
      If omitted, the default is <literal>IN</literal>.
      Note that <command>SECURITY LABEL</command> does not actually
      pay any attention to <literal>OUT</literal> arguments, since only the input
      arguments are needed to determine the function's identity.
      So it is sufficient to list the <literal>IN</literal>, <literal>INOUT</literal>,
      and <literal>VARIADIC</literal> arguments.
     </para>
    </listitem>
   </varlistentry>

   <varlistentry>
    <term><replaceable class="parameter">argname</replaceable></term>

    <listitem>
     <para>
      The name of a function, procedure, or aggregate argument.
      Note that <command>SECURITY LABEL</command> does not actually
      pay any attention to argument names, since only the argument data
      types are needed to determine the function's identity.
     </para>
    </listitem>
   </varlistentry>

   <varlistentry>
    <term><replaceable class="parameter">argtype</replaceable></term>

    <listitem>
     <para>
      The data type of a function, procedure, or aggregate argument.
     </para>
    </listitem>
   </varlistentry>

   <varlistentry>
    <term><replaceable class="parameter">large_object_oid</replaceable></term>
    <listitem>
     <para>
      The OID of the large object.
     </para>
    </listitem>
   </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term><literal>PROCEDURAL</literal></term>

     <listitem>
      <para>
       This is a noise word.
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

   <varlistentry>
    <term><replaceable class="parameter">string_literal</replaceable></term>
    <listitem>
     <para>
      The new setting of the security label, written as a string literal.
     </para>
    </listitem>
   </varlistentry>

   <varlistentry>
    <term><literal>NULL</literal></term>
    <listitem>
     <para>
      Write <literal>NULL</literal> to drop the security label.
     </para>
    </listitem>
   </varlistentry>
  </variablelist>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1>
  <title>Examples</title>

  <para>
   The following example shows how the security label of a table could
   be set or changed:

<programlisting>
SECURITY LABEL FOR selinux ON TABLE mytable IS 'system_u:object_r:sepgsql_table_t:s0';
</programlisting>

   To remove the label:

<programlisting>
SECURITY LABEL FOR selinux ON TABLE mytable IS NULL;
</programlisting>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1>
  <title>Compatibility</title>
  <para>
   There is no <command>SECURITY LABEL</command> command in the SQL standard.
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1>
  <title>See Also</title>
  <simplelist type="inline">
   <member><xref linkend="sepgsql"/></member>
   <member><filename>src/test/modules/dummy_seclabel</filename></member>
  </simplelist>
 </refsect1>
</refentry>
