
module Ox

  # An Element represents a element of an XML document. It has a name,
  # attributes, and sub-nodes.
  #
  # To access the child elements or attributes there are several options. One
  # is to walk the nodes and attributes. Another is to use the locate()
  # method. The easiest for simple regularly formatted XML is to reference the
  # sub elements or attributes simply by name. Repeating elements with the
  # same name can be referenced with an element count as well. A few examples
  # should explain the 'easy' API more clearly.
  #
  # *Example*
  #
  #   doc = Ox.parse(%{
  #   <?xml?>
  #   <People>
  #     <Person age="58">
  #       <given>Peter</given>
  #       <surname>Ohler</surname>
  #     </Person>
  #     <Person>
  #       <given>Makie</given>
  #       <surname>Ohler</surname>
  #     </Person>
  #   </People>
  #   })
  #
  #   doc.People.Person.given.text
  #   => "Peter"
  #   doc.People.Person(1).given.text
  #   => "Makie"
  #   doc.People.Person.age
  #   => "58"
  class Element < Node
    include HasAttrs

    # Creates a new Element with the specified name.
    # - +name+ [String] name of the Element
    def initialize(name)
      super
      @attributes = {}
      @nodes = []
    end
    alias name value

    # Returns the Element's nodes array. These are the sub-elements of this
    # Element.
    # *return* [Array] all child Nodes.
    def nodes
      @nodes = [] if !instance_variable_defined?(:@nodes) or @nodes.nil?
      @nodes
    end

    # Appends a Node to the Element's nodes array. Returns the element itself
    # so multiple appends can be chained together.
    # - +node+ [Node] Node to append to the nodes array
    def <<(node)
      raise "argument to << must be a String or Ox::Node." unless node.is_a?(String) or node.is_a?(Node)
      @nodes = [] if !instance_variable_defined?(:@nodes) or @nodes.nil?
      @nodes << node
      self
    end

    # Prepend a Node to the Element's nodes array. Returns the element itself
    # so multiple appends can be chained together.
    # - +node+ [Node] Node to prepend to the nodes array
    def prepend_child(node)
      raise "argument to << must be a String or Ox::Node." unless node.is_a?(String) or node.is_a?(Node)
      @nodes = [] if !instance_variable_defined?(:@nodes) or @nodes.nil?
      @nodes.unshift(node)
      self
    end

    # Returns true if this Object and other are of the same type and have the
    # equivalent value and the equivalent elements otherwise false is returned.
    # - +other+ [Object] Object compare _self_ to.
    # *return* [Boolean] true if both Objects are equivalent, otherwise false.
    def eql?(other)
      return false unless super(other)
      return false unless self.attributes == other.attributes
      return false unless self.nodes == other.nodes
      true
    end
    alias == eql?

    # Returns the first String in the elements nodes array or nil if there is
    # no String node.
    def text()
      nodes.each { |n| return n if n.is_a?(String) }
      nil
    end

    # Clears any child nodes of an element and replaces those with a single Text
    # (String) node. Note the existing nodes array is modified and not replaced.
    # - +txt+ [String] to become the only element of the nodes array
    def replace_text(txt)
      raise "the argument to replace_text() must be a String" unless txt.is_a?(String)
      @nodes.clear()
      @nodes << txt
    end

    # Return true if all the key-value pairs in the cond Hash match the
    # @attributes key-values.
    def attr_match(cond)
      cond.each_pair { |k,v| return false unless v == @attributes[k.to_sym] || v == @attributes[k.to_s] }
      true
    end

    # Iterate over each child of the instance yielding according to the cond
    # argument value. If the cond argument is nil then all child nodes are
    # yielded to. If cond is a string then only the child Elements with a
    # matching name will be yielded to. If the cond is a Hash then the
    # keys-value pairs in the cond must match the child attribute values with
    # the same keys. Any other cond type will yield to nothing.
    def each(cond=nil)
      if cond.nil?
        nodes.each { |n| yield(n) }
      else
        cond = cond.to_s if cond.is_a?(Symbol)
        if cond.is_a?(String)
          nodes.each { |n| yield(n) if n.is_a?(Element) && cond == n.name }
        elsif cond.is_a?(Hash)
          nodes.each { |n| yield(n) if n.is_a?(Element) && n.attr_match(cond) }
        end
      end
    end

    # Returns an array of Nodes or Strings that correspond to the locations
    # specified by the path parameter. The path parameter describes the path
    # to the return values which can be either nodes in the XML or
    # attributes. The path is a relative description. There are similarities
    # between the locate() method and XPath but locate does not follow the
    # same rules as XPath. The syntax is meant to be simpler and more Ruby
    # like.
    #
    # Like XPath the path delimiters are the slash (/) character. The path is
    # split on the delimiter and each element of the path then describes the
    # child of the current Element to traverse.
    #
    # Attributes are specified with an @ prefix.
    #
    # Each element name in the path can be followed by a bracket expression
    # that narrows the paths to traverse. Supported expressions are numbers
    # with a preceeding qualifier. Qualifiers are -, +, <, and >. The +
    # qualifier is the default. A - qualifier indicates the index begins at
    # the end of the children just like for Ruby Arrays. The < and >
    # qualifiers indicates all elements either less than or greater than
    # should be matched. Note that unlike XPath, the element index starts at 0
    # similar to Ruby be contrary to XPath.
    #
    # Element names can also be wildcard characters. A * indicates any decendent should be followed. A ? indicates any
    # single Element can match the wildcard. A ^ character followed by the name of a Class will match any node of the
    # specified class. Valid class names are Element, Comment, String (or Text), CData, DocType.
    #
    # Examples are:
    # * <code>element.locate("Family/Pete/*")</code> returns all children of the Pete Element.
    # * <code>element.locate("Family/?[1]")</code> returns the first element in the Family Element.
    # * <code>element.locate("Family/?[<3]")</code> returns the first 3 elements in the Family Element.
    # * <code>element.locate("Family/?[@age]")</code> returns the elements with an age attribute defined in the Family Element.
    # * <code>element.locate("Family/Kid[@age]")</code> returns the Kid elements with an age attribute defined in the Family Element.
    # * <code>element.locate("Family/?[@age=32]")</code> returns the elements with an age attribute equal to 32 in the Family Element.
    # * <code>element.locate("Family/Kid[@age=32]")</code> returns the Kid elements with an age attribute equal to 32 in the Family Element.
    # * <code>element.locate("Family/?/@age")</code> returns the arg attribute for each child in the Family Element.
    # * <code>element.locate("Family/*/@type")</code> returns the type attribute value for decendents of the Family.
    # * <code>element.locate("Family/^Comment")</code> returns any comments that are a child of Family.
    #
    # - +path+ [String] path to the Nodes to locate
    def locate(path)
      return [self] if path.nil?
      found = []
      pa = path.split('/')
      if '*' == path[0]
        # a bit of a hack but it allows self to be checked as well
        e = Element.new('')
        e << self
        e.alocate(pa, found)
      else
        alocate(pa, found)
      end
      found
    end

    # Remove all the children matching the path provided
    #
    # Examples are:
    # * <code>element.remove_children(Ox:Element)</code> removes the element passed as argument if child of the element.
    # * <code>element.remove_children(Ox:Element, Ox:Element)</code> removes the list of elements passed as argument if children of the element.
    #
    # - +children+ [Array] array of OX
    def remove_children(*children)
      return self if children.compact.empty?
      recursive_children_removal(children.compact.map { |c| c.object_id })
      self
    end

    # Remove all the children matching the path provided
    #
    # Examples are:
    # * <code>element.remove_children_by_path("*")</code> removes all children attributes.
    # * <code>element.remove_children_by_path("Family/Kid[@age=32]")</code> removes the Kid elements with an age attribute equal to 32 in the Family Element.
    #
    # - +path+ [String] path to the Nodes to locate
    def remove_children_by_path(path)
      del_locate(path.split('/')) unless path.nil?
      self
    end
    # Handles the 'easy' API that allows navigating a simple XML by
    # referencing elements and attributes by name.
    # - +id+ [Symbol] element or attribute name
    # *return* [Element|Node|String|nil] the element, attribute value, or Node identifed by the name
    #
    # _raise_ [NoMethodError] if no match is found
    def method_missing(id, *args, &block)
      has_some = false
      ids = id.to_s
      i = args[0].to_i # will be 0 if no arg or parsing fails
      nodes.each do |n|
        if (n.is_a?(Element) || n.is_a?(Instruct)) && (n.value == id || n.value == ids || name_matchs?(n.value, ids))
          return n if 0 == i
          has_some = true
          i -= 1
        end
      end
      if instance_variable_defined?(:@attributes)
        return @attributes[id] if @attributes.has_key?(id)
        return @attributes[ids] if @attributes.has_key?(ids)
      end
      return nil if has_some
      raise NoMethodError.new("#{ids} not found", name)
    end

    # - +id+ [String|Symbol] identifer of the attribute or method
    # - +ignored+ inc_all [Boolean]
    # *return* true if the element has a member that matches the provided name.
    def respond_to?(id, inc_all=false)
      return true if super
      id_str = id.to_s
      id_sym = id.to_sym
      nodes.each do |n|
        next if n.is_a?(String)
        return true if n.value == id_str || n.value == id_sym || name_matchs?(n.value, id_str)
      end
      if instance_variable_defined?(:@attributes) && !@attributes.nil?
        return true if @attributes.has_key?(id_str)
        return true if @attributes.has_key?(id_sym)
      end
      false
    end

    # - +path+ [Array] array of steps in a path
    # - +found+ [Array] matching nodes
    def alocate(path, found)
      step = path[0]
      if step.start_with?('@') # attribute
        raise InvalidPath.new(path) unless 1 == path.size
        if instance_variable_defined?(:@attributes)
          step = step[1..-1]
          sym_step = step.to_sym
          @attributes.each do |k,v|
            found << v if ('?' == step or k == step or k == sym_step)
          end
        end
      else # element name
        if (i = step.index('[')).nil? # just name
          name = step
          qual = nil
        else
          name = step[0..i-1]
          raise InvalidPath.new(path) unless step.end_with?(']')
          i += 1
          qual = step[i..i] # step[i] would be better but some rubies (jruby, ree, rbx) take that as a Fixnum.
          if '0' <= qual and qual <= '9'
            qual = '+'
          else
            i += 1
          end
          index = step[i..-2].to_i
        end
        if '?' == name or '*' == name
          match = nodes
        elsif '^' == name[0..0] # 1.8.7 thinks name[0] is a fixnum
          case name[1..-1]
           when 'Element'
            match = nodes.select { |e| e.is_a?(Element) }
           when 'String', 'Text'
            match = nodes.select { |e| e.is_a?(String) }
          when 'Comment'
            match = nodes.select { |e| e.is_a?(Comment) }
          when 'CData'
            match = nodes.select { |e| e.is_a?(CData) }
          when 'DocType'
            match = nodes.select { |e| e.is_a?(DocType) }
          else
            #puts "*** no match on #{name}"
            match = []
          end
        else
          match = nodes.select { |e| e.is_a?(Element) and name == e.name }
        end
        unless qual.nil? or match.empty?
          case qual
          when '+'
            match = index < match.size ? [match[index]] : []
          when '-'
            match = index <= match.size ? [match[-index]] : []
          when '<'
            match = 0 < index ? match[0..index - 1] : []
          when '>'
            match = index <= match.size ? match[index + 1..-1] : []
          when '@'
            k,v = step[i..-2].split('=')
            if v
              match = match.select { |n| n.is_a?(Element) && (v == n.attributes[k.to_sym] || v == n.attributes[k]) }
            else
              match = match.select { |n| n.is_a?(Element) && (n.attributes[k.to_sym] || n.attributes[k]) }
            end
          else
            raise InvalidPath.new(path)
          end
        end
        if (1 == path.size)
          match.each { |n| found << n }
        elsif '*' == name
          match.each { |n| n.alocate(path, found) if n.is_a?(Element) }
          match.each { |n| n.alocate(path[1..-1], found) if n.is_a?(Element) }
        else
          match.each { |n| n.alocate(path[1..-1], found) if n.is_a?(Element) }
        end
      end
    end

    # - +path+ [Array] array of steps in a path
    def del_locate(path)
      step = path[0]
      if step.start_with?('@') # attribute
        raise InvalidPath.new(path) unless 1 == path.size
        if instance_variable_defined?(:@attributes)
          step = step[1..-1]
          sym_step = step.to_sym
          @attributes.delete_if { |k,v| '?' == step || k.to_sym == sym_step }
        end
      else # element name
        if (i = step.index('[')).nil? # just name
          name = step
          qual = nil
        else
          name = step[0..i-1]
          raise InvalidPath.new(path) unless step.end_with?(']')
          i += 1
          qual = step[i..i] # step[i] would be better but some rubies (jruby, ree, rbx) take that as a Fixnum.
          if '0' <= qual and qual <= '9'
            qual = '+'
          else
            i += 1
          end
          index = step[i..-2].to_i
        end
        if '?' == name or '*' == name
          match = nodes
        elsif '^' == name[0..0] # 1.8.7 thinks name[0] is a fixnum
          case name[1..-1]
           when 'Element'
            match = nodes.select { |e| e.is_a?(Element) }
           when 'String', 'Text'
            match = nodes.select { |e| e.is_a?(String) }
          when 'Comment'
            match = nodes.select { |e| e.is_a?(Comment) }
          when 'CData'
            match = nodes.select { |e| e.is_a?(CData) }
          when 'DocType'
            match = nodes.select { |e| e.is_a?(DocType) }
          else
            #puts "*** no match on #{name}"
            match = []
          end
        else
          match = nodes.select { |e| e.is_a?(Element) and name == e.name }
        end
        unless qual.nil? or match.empty?
          case qual
          when '+'
            match = index < match.size ? [match[index]] : []
          when '-'
            match = index <= match.size ? [match[-index]] : []
          when '<'
            match = 0 < index ? match[0..index - 1] : []
          when '>'
            match = index <= match.size ? match[index + 1..-1] : []
          when '@'
            k,v = step[i..-2].split('=')
            if v
              match = match.select { |n| n.is_a?(Element) && (v == n.attributes[k.to_sym] || v == n.attributes[k]) }
            else
              match = match.select { |n| n.is_a?(Element) && (n.attributes[k.to_sym] || n.attributes[k]) }
            end
          else
            raise InvalidPath.new(path)
          end
        end
        if (1 == path.size)
          nodes.delete_if { |n| match.include?(n) }
        elsif '*' == name
          match.each { |n| n.del_locate(path) if n.is_a?(Element) }
          match.each { |n| n.del_locate(path[1..-1]) if n.is_a?(Element) }
        else
          match.each { |n| n.del_locate(path[1..-1]) if n.is_a?(Element) }
        end
      end
    end

    private

    # Removes recursively children for nodes and sub_nodes
    #
    # - +found+ [Array] An array of Ox::Element
    def recursive_children_removal(found)
      return if found.empty?
      nodes.tap do |ns|
        # found.delete(n.object_id) stops looking for an already found object_id
        ns.delete_if { |n| found.include?(n.object_id) ? found.delete(n.object_id) : false }
        nodes.each do |n|
          n.send(:recursive_children_removal, found) if n.is_a?(Ox::Element)
        end
      end
    end

    def name_matchs?(pat, id)
      return false unless pat.length == id.length
      pat.length.times { |i| return false unless '_' == id[i] || pat[i] == id[i] }
      true
    end
  end # Element
end # Ox
